Part 2 — Answer key

Compare your answers after you have finished Part 1.

1. Which federal action best illustrates Thomas Jefferson’s vision of an agrarian republic after 1800?
   Reducing internal taxes on farmers
2. In the context of APUSH Unit 4, what was a primary significance of the Louisiana Purchase for the United States?
   It gave the United States control of New Orleans and the Mississippi River trade.
3. A state law conflicts with a federal statute, and the Supreme Court strikes down the state law, citing its authority to interpret the Constitution. Which landmark case first clearly asserted this power?
   Marbury v. Madison
4. A historian studying the shift from home-based textile production to factory work in the early 1800s would most likely focus on which technological development?
   Power loom in textile mills
5. During the early 1800s, which development most reduced shipping time and cost between western farms and eastern markets?
   Canals linking western waterways to the Atlantic coast
6. Henry Clay promotes a national economic program that includes federal support for industry and infrastructure. Which of the following was a major component of this "American System"?
   Protective tariffs to support domestic manufacturing
7. Middle-class women played a prominent role in antebellum temperance societies, often organizing local chapters and petition campaigns.
   True
8. A New England mill owner in the 1830s recruits young, unmarried women from rural areas to live in company boardinghouses and work long hours in textile factories. This labor system best represents which broader development?
   Early factory labor organized under the Lowell system
9. A Cherokee leader petitions Congress, arguing that his nation has adopted settled agriculture, a written constitution, and schools, yet faces forced migration anyway. Which federal policy is he most directly challenging?
   The Indian Removal Act
10. In the early 1830s, a southern state claims it can declare federal tariff laws null and void within its borders and even threatens secession. Which political principle is that state using to justify its stance?
    States' rights doctrine
11. A minister travels town to town holding emotional revival meetings and urges listeners to pursue personal salvation through good works and to support reforms such as temperance. This description best reflects which movement?
    The Second Great Awakening
12. The Missouri Compromise allowed slavery in all territories north of the latitude established by the compromise line.
    False
13. The Monroe Doctrine asserted that the Western Hemisphere was closed to further European colonization and that new European interventions in the Americas would be viewed as unfriendly to the United States.
    True
14. An APUSH student compares strategies used by antebellum abolitionists to fight slavery. Which actions were commonly used to advance the abolitionist cause? Select all that apply.
    Publishing antislavery newspapers and slave narratives; Organizing petition drives to pressure Congress; Forming antislavery political parties such as the Liberty Party
15. An APUSH student argues that Andrew Jackson’s veto of the recharter of the Second Bank of the United States and the redistribution of federal deposits to selected state banks had far-reaching economic effects. Which outcome most directly followed these actions?
    Growth of state banks and speculative lending that helped trigger a financial crisis
16. A historian argues that early women’s rights activists at the Seneca Falls Convention drew on earlier antebellum experiences. Which developments most directly influenced the emergence of the women’s rights movement at that convention? Select all that apply.
    Revivalist ideas about spiritual equality from the Second Great Awakening; Opportunities for women in teaching and clerical work created by the market revolution; Women’s leadership roles in abolitionist organizations
17. In the period from the 1820s to the 1840s, which statements accurately describe the economic patterns of the major U.S. regions? Select all that apply.
    The North developed a growing manufacturing sector and urban wage labor.; The West specialized in grain and livestock production for distant markets.; The South relied heavily on cotton exports and enslaved labor.
18. A teacher explains that politics in the Jacksonian era became more democratic for many white men. Which changes most directly contributed to that development? Select all that apply.
    Elimination of property qualifications for voting for many white men; Growth of mass political parties that mobilized ordinary voters; Use of party nominating conventions instead of legislative caucuses
19. A historian argues that the market revolution reshaped regional economies and social relations between 1815 and 1848. Which developments most directly support this interpretation? Select all that apply.
    Shift from subsistence farming to commercial crop production in the West; Growth of wage labor and class divisions in northern cities; Construction of canals and roads that linked farmers to distant markets
20. Arrange the following events in the correct chronological order to show how territorial expansion and conflict unfolded in the early nineteenth century.
    Correct order: Louisiana Purchase → War of 1812 → Missouri Compromise → Annexation of Texas → Mexican-American War